DNA Damage and Vitamin D Status among Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Published: May 1, 2019 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2019/39785.12850
Ardawan F Ali, Dhia J Altimimi
1. Assistant Lecturer, Department of Medical Lab. Technology, Shekhan Technical College of Health, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
2. Professor and Head, Department of Medical Chemistry, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan, Region, Iraq.
Correspondence
Dhia J Altimimi,
College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
E-mail: altmimidj@yahoo.com
Introduction: DNA damage has been associated with the progression of diabetes and deficiency of vitamin D that leads to increase DNA damage. The possible modulation of this damage by vitamin D supplementation is not well reported in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients.
Aim: To assess the extent of DNA damage in T2DM patients and to ascertain its association with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at Duhok Diabetes Center, Duhok, Kurdistan Region (Iraq). This study consisted of 2 inter-related parts: the first part was a cross-sectional study conducted on patients with type 2 diabetes (n=204) and healthy individuals (n=154). The second part was a quasi-interventional study that enrolled 25 patients with type 2 diabetes and 19 healthy individuals. The demographic parameters including age, gender and BMI was recorded and DNA damage marker through serum 8-Hydroxy Guanosine (8-OHdG) levels, and Vitamin D status of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D {25(OH) D} was measured. Descriptive statistics were adapted to present data in means±SD. Independent t-test and un-paired student t-test were used to assess differences in serum analyte among groups for continuous data. Categorical data was assessed by using q-square test for association between two groups, and one-way ANOVA test for association among more than two groups. Level of statistical significance (p-value) was set at <0.05.
Results: In the study population, 52 (25%) T2DM patients and 12 (7.8%) healthy individuals had vitamin D deficiency {25(OH)D<10 ng/mL}. The mean serum 8-OHdG levels were significantly elevated in diabetic patients as compared to healthy individuals, (p<0.01). Based on the 8-OHd G cut-off point (<4.0 ng/mL), 178 (84.8%) of T2DM patients had DNA damage as compared to 44 (28.5%) healthy individuals. In the diabetic group, 8-OHdG inversely correlated with 25(OH)D (r=-0.22, p=0.01), after 3 months of vitamin D supplementation, with 47.7% increased 25(OH)D levels (p=<0.01); the mean values for 8-OHdG levels decreased by 13.7% (p=0.13). In the healthy individuals, 57.3% showed increased 25 (OH)D levels (p=<0.01); the mean values of 8-OHdG are decreased by 2.6% (p=0.36).
Conclusion: The high prevalence of DNA damage observed in the studied population, particularly type 2 diabetic patients appear to be associated with vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. Vitamin D supplementation may be an effective public heath intervention to reduce DNA damage and prevent acquired genetic disease.
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